La Act of the XII Boards (Lex duodecim tabularum o Duodecim tabularum leges) was a legal text which contained rules to regulate the coexistence of the town Roman. He also received the name de Act decenviral. Due to its content, it is said to belong more to the right private that at public. It was the first bar code of Antiquity that contained regulations on censorship (penalty de death by satirical poems). The law was published at principle in twelve bullion tables of wood and later on twelve bronze plates that were exhibited in the Forum. Because not is indication some of its existence, some Author has gone so far as to suggest that they did not exist.
La Act of the Twelve bullion tables, was the done to shape, by written in full Republic Roman, of a crafts legal and legal an old one right customary, already existing in times past for the coexistence between patricians and plebeians, equalizing their derechos, at the proposal of Terentilo Arsa on the year and we will announce 462 BC, being the first law right public y private of which one has noticia.
Twelve o'clock Boards (also known as Act of the XII Boards) were a set of laws inscribed on 12 bronze tablets created in ancient Rome in the years 451 and 450 BC. They were the beginning of a new approach to the laws that were now approved by the gobierno and placed by written so that all citizens would be treated equally before them.
Although it may not have been a work fully codified, the Twelve Boards They were a first plunge which would allow to protect the derechos of all citizens and redress grievances through precise written laws known to all. Consequently, the Roman approach to right It would later become the model followed by many subsequent civilizations up to the present day.
Background
During the first three centuries of Rome, the right private had its unique source in uses in force among the founders of the city, which had passed, by tradition, from primitive populations to the nation new. These customs are known as mores majorum ("customs of the elders" or "customs of the ancestors"). It can be said that in this period, the right private It only has one certain source, the custom. The lack of precision and clarification of its rules favored the arbitration of the patrician magistrates in charge of the administration of the Justice, and not only in the right private, but also in the repression crimes and offenses. The tribunes, who were the interpreters of the claims of the plebs, asked for the drafting of a law that would apply equally to all citizens. After ten years of resistance, the patricians gave in: the Senate and the tribunes agreed to draw up a law applicable to both orders. This law It was the 12th Boards.
Crafting
According to tradition, in the year and we will announce 451 BC was entrusted to a commission, decemviri, the task of writing a bar code of laws that would better represent the interests of the town común (commoners) and reduce undue influence on the right Roman of the aristocrats (patricians) and the priests (pontiffs). The latter formed part exclusively of a council who played the law at your whim. As a prior preparation for assume this responsibility, a was sent delegation of three men to Athens, where they studied the laws of the famous legislator Solon (c. 640-560 BC). Ten patricians then received the power consular (imperium) and were allowed to draw up a list of the laws that they considered most necessary and useful.
This is the traditional view of the acts, although, perhaps of crafts more realistic, the composition of the Boards It was an attempt by the elite to govern themselves better and avoid abuses within their own group social. In any ///, result It was a list of written laws (legibus scribundis) presented in ten bullion tables, to which two more were added year and we will announce next, which gave a total of twelve. As a consequence, the laws became written laws, that is, drawn up by the decision of a organ legislativo and were no longer based on mere custom and tradition.
Influences
They collect by written, in a more or less orderly manner, a series of customs that had a character of law, this is called right customary and even some of the laws of the kingdom They were drafted by the legislative decemvirates (decenviri legibus scribundis). External influences that could haber had, would be those that came from the study of Greek laws by the commission who went to study them, in order to better draft his own.
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