An federation It is a grouping of free and sovereign states institutionalized into relatively autonomous social entities. federation It is usually associated with the formation of States made up of the meeting of various territorial and political entities.
From the point of sight legal, there are two definitions of federation: the first refers to the State federal, a unit political sovereign formed by the union of autonomous entities with specific powers protected by the Constitution nationalFor example, the United States of America.
The second refers to the association of associations, which can cover the most diverse areas of interest such as sport, unions, production industrial and agricultural, the Bank, the trade, science and research. For example, the Federation International of Football Associations, better known as FIFA.
En Law School International, is called confederacy To that association established between sovereign States through treaties or common constitutions, intended to achieve complementarity between them in various matters, such as defense o trade.
An confederacy It consists of the union of States that retain their sovereignty and are governed by certain common laws. Initially, there was talk of "confederacy" at /// of alliances, for this reason the word "confederacy» is still used in institutions of the society civil non-state.
La confederacy se opposed of the federation in which in the first the members maintain high levels of autonomy and the power central is limited, while in the second the federated renounce a part of its powers and the power central is stronger.
The most noticeable differences between federation y confederacy are:
- La Confederacy It is a union of states Law international , based on a treaty and formed to coordinate their political on the specific issues agreed upon. The federation is a unit Law constitutional.
- In Confederacy All integrated states remain sovereign. In the Federation, only it is the State federal, which is the only one that exercises sovereignty.
- La Confederacy, does not have the formal elements of the State (power sovereign, ordering legal), nor their physical budgets (villages, territorio). In cultural, both exist in one Federation, that's why StateThe difference between the rules emanating from one and the other must be highlighted: federal rules directly oblige citizens, while confederal rules must first be transformed into state rules.
- Finally, the Confederacy can not modify the treaty which originated it (which corresponds to the unanimous agreement of the Member States). And on the contrary, such a decision is not usually necessary. unanimity of the federated entities to reform a Constitution federal.
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